App Store Accountability Act (federal), H.R. 3149 / S. 1586
Proposed
H.R. 3149 / S. 1586, 119th Congress
Applies to private
Would require app store operators to verify a user's age at account creation, sort users into age categories without disclosing exact birthdates, and require parental consent for minors to download apps or make in-app purchases. Would preempt state app store age verification laws and designate the FTC as primary enforcer. Introduced May 2025; has not passed either chamber as of July 2026.
| Age threshold | 18 |
| Verification methods | digital id, device signal, self declaration |
| Enforcement body | Federal Trade Commission (proposed) |
| Private suits | no |
Source: H.R. 3149 / S. 1586, 119th Congress
S. 1748, Kids Online Safety Act (KOSA)
Proposed
S. 1748, 119th Congress
Applies to private
Would impose a duty of care on covered online platforms to prevent and mitigate specified harms to minors, require default safeguards and parental tools for known minors, and mandate transparency reporting. An earlier version passed the Senate 91-3 in July 2024 (118th Congress) but died in the House. Reintroduced May 14, 2025 by Senators Blackburn and Blumenthal with Senate leadership support; pending in the Senate Commerce Committee as of July 2026, and partially consolidated into the House-passed KIDS Act without its duty of care provision.
| Age threshold | 17 |
| Verification methods | self declaration, device signal |
| Enforcement body | Federal Trade Commission and state attorneys general (proposed) |
Source: S. 1748, 119th Congress
Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA)
In force
15 U.S.C. §§ 6501-6506; 16 C.F.R. Part 312
Effective 2000-04-21 · Applies to private
Requires operators of websites and online services directed to children under 13, or that have actual knowledge they collect data from a child under 13, to provide notice and obtain verifiable parental consent before collecting personal information.
| Age threshold | 13 |
| Verification methods | parental consent |
| Penalties | Civil penalties per violation, adjusted periodically for inflation, enforced by the FTC and state attorneys general. |
| Enforcement body | Federal Trade Commission and state attorneys general |
| Private suits | no |
Source: 15 U.S.C. §§ 6501-6506; 16 C.F.R. Part 312
Amended COPPA Rule (2025)
In force
16 C.F.R. Part 312, as amended, 90 Fed. Reg. 16918 (Apr. 22, 2025)
Effective 2025-06-23 · Applies to private
Requires separate verifiable parental consent for disclosing a child's personal information to third parties for targeted advertising, adds a text plus consent method, and expands recordkeeping and data retention limits. Operators had until April 22, 2026 to come into full compliance.
| Age threshold | 13 |
| Verification methods | parental consent |
| Enforcement body | Federal Trade Commission |
Source: 16 C.F.R. Part 312, as amended, 90 Fed. Reg. 16918 (Apr. 22, 2025)
H.R. 7757, Kids Internet and Digital Safety (KIDS) Act
Proposed
H.R. 7757, 119th Congress
Applies to private
Consolidates the Kids Online Safety Act, the Children and Teens' Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA 2.0), a data broker registry, and other child safety bills. Would require default privacy and safety settings for minors, age verification for access to mature content, and AI chatbot disclosure. Passed the House 267-117 on June 29, 2026, without KOSA's original duty of care provision; pending in the Senate.
| Verification methods | self declaration, parental consent, third party service |
| Enforcement body | Federal Trade Commission (proposed) |
Source: H.R. 7757, 119th Congress